The Ghost In The Machine

In nature, the foundation of intelligence for animals, humans and even plants is based on objective data such as neurotransmitter chemical signals, heart rate, sun intensity, etc. This type of data is gathered through observation and measurements regardless of the feelings and opinions of the person selecting, presenting, or receiving the data. Nature has well-established …

The Orchard

Summer is finally here, and for those of us living in the southern-most tip of the United States this means that we are in peak tropical fruit season. This is the time when our kitchen counters are perpetually covered with mangos, longans, and lychees. Seldom is the time that we go out to walk our …

The Long And Winding Road To Artificial General Intelligence

As a young graduate student in the mid 1990s I became fascinated by the work of Yann LeCun.  Yann, one of the original innovators in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the creator of Deep Learning, had already been thinking about AI for over a decade. His original paper on Convolution Neural Networks introduced the idea that …